Where does "conversion" come from?

15 replies
The word "conversion" as it is currently used in marketing really bothers me, for reasons I have not yet been able to articulate.

Does anyone know where the word comes from or who started using it in the sense of converting someone from (presumably) a prospect to a buyer?

I have been in this business a long time and do not recall encountering this word used that way prior to about eight years ago.

Thanks for any insights you can provide.

Marcia Yudkin
#conversion #copywriting history
  • Profile picture of the author MikeHumphreys
    Marcia,

    It's been around a long time.

    I can recall hearing different interviews & recordings from offline marketers like Dan Kennedy, Joe Sugarman, Jay Abraham, Ted Nicholas, etc. from the 1980s where they discussed conversion rates.

    I used to track my marketing's conversion rates in the 1990's with my previous brick and mortar business.

    Salespeople have probably been doing it even longer... they just call it their closing rate.

    Hope that helps,

    Mike
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  • Profile picture of the author docsulo
    Originally Posted by marciayudkin View Post

    The word "conversion" as it is currently used in marketing really bothers me, for reasons I have not yet been able to articulate.

    Does anyone know where the word comes from or who started using it in the sense of converting someone from (presumably) a prospect to a buyer?

    I have been in this business a long time and do not recall encountering this word used that way prior to about eight years ago.
    I think it was a long time before eight years ago.

    My current reading list is all pre-1960 and coincidentally I remember reading something about "conversion" along with a reference to it's religious overtones in one of the books on my list. Unfortunately, I can't remember which one.

    I'll post it when I find it.
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  • Profile picture of the author docsulo
    OK. I still haven't found the one I read the other day but here's one instance from Claude Hopkins My Life In Advertising, Harper & brothers, 1917, page 148 -

    I ran an educational campaign on a new and appealing line. But it did not pay. We found that converting new users was a very expensive proposal. No new user would pay us in his lifetime the cost of his conversion.
    It's surprising that there's no entry in the Oxford English Dictionary. They have "conversion" entries for watchmaking, shipbuilding and all kinds of other things but none that are related to marketing.

    It's most likely an adaptation of the religious meaning...

    8. a.II.8.a The bringing of any one over to a specified religious faith, profession, or party, esp. to one regarded as true, from what is regarded as falsehood or error. (Without qualification, usually = conversion to Christianity.)
    It's interesting that there are several words related to influence and persuasion that happen to be based on religious concepts or institutions. I wrote about one recently Propaganda - Word Play
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    • Profile picture of the author marciayudkin
      Thanks to everyone for these references. If there are more you can dig up, that will help round out the picture.

      Three points are most important here, it seems to me:

      1)You convert someone from one state to another. In marketing, you convert someone from non-buyer (atheist, pagan, non-believer) to buyer (believer).

      2)Is it right or wrong to think that the marketing meaning of "convert" came from the religious meaning? My dictionary has a more general sense of the word, as in converting water to steam, before the religious meaning.

      3)Conversion in the religious sense is supposed to be good for the converted person's soul. In marketing, do you think that is also built into the concept?

      Mike, thanks for remembering the references to "conversion rate." I am thinking that way back, people talked about "conversion rate" and it's only more recent that the word "conversion" has been used on its own. But maybe that is wrong.

      Thanks, everyone, and please continue your contributions!

      Marcia Yudkin
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      • Profile picture of the author donhx
        Originally Posted by marciayudkin View Post

        2)Is it right or wrong to think that the marketing meaning of "convert" came from the religious meaning?

        3)Conversion in the religious sense is supposed to be good for the converted person's soul. In marketing, do you think that is also built into the concept?

        Marcia Yudkin
        Conversion is just a word that denotes "a turning about" and has many meanings outside the religious realm. It is actually only used once in the Bible (Acts 15:3 - KJV) although the concept is reoccurring.

        May software companies have product "evangelist" these days. They spread the "good news" about company software offerings. This would seem to be a "sacred" term for religious workers, but nothing is sacred these days.

        In IM "conversion" is nothing more than presenting an offer that turns a skeptic into a buyer. Nothing more needs to be read into the term or the transaction.
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      • Profile picture of the author CDarklock
        Originally Posted by marciayudkin View Post

        Is it right or wrong to think that the marketing meaning of "convert" came from the religious meaning?
        In the tech sector, we've referred to brand loyalists as "true believers" and PR reps as "brand evangelists" throughout my adult life, and we've even gone so far as to call devotees of other brands "heretics."

        So I'd say you're spot on.
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        • Profile picture of the author ewenmack
          Marcia,

          The word "conversion" has gained a lot of popularity in the internet marketing
          world since Ken Macarthy of The System Seminar made the point that
          there are just 2 areas to concentrate on...

          #1 Traffic

          #2 Conversion

          Before the commercial internet came along, he was a practitioner of
          direct marketing, so one can assume he got the term prior to 8 years ago.

          All the best,
          Ewen
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      • Profile picture of the author docsulo
        Originally Posted by marciayudkin View Post

        2)Is it right or wrong to think that the marketing meaning of "convert" came from the religious meaning? My dictionary has a more general sense of the word, as in converting water to steam, before the religious meaning.

        Why right or wrong? Language usually doesn't work that way. Words regularly get adapted to uses that were not originally intended.

        "Conversion" is a nominalization of "Convert" which comes from the Latin "convertĕre" which means to turn about, turn in character or nature, transform, translate.

        It was certainly used in a religious sense before any other. Later it took on different meanings and it has a meaning in direct marketing at least since the early 1900's as I've shown in the Claude Hopkins quote I've posted in a previous response.

        Not sure what you're trying to get at here.
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  • Profile picture of the author John_S
    Some background, but not on conversion, might be in order. We are increasingly casting fairly ordinary things with religious overtones these days.

    Perhaps the word isn't the problem, it's pop culture putting you off your ease.

    Conversion in the religious sense is supposed to be good for the converted person's soul. In marketing, do you think that is also built into the concept?
    "Drinking the koolaid" and "cult brands" are more recent, so if conversion puts you off, don't look too close at other terms in vogue right now.

    If more marketers thought of conversion as good for the buyer's soul, I'd wager products would be designed a lot better. The care and workmanship given a cathedral comes to mind.

    What we get is a Christmas day trip to the emergency room courtesy of plastic blister packaging and unfathomable instructions.

    What is more likely is a fairly agnostic, nonreligious, and frankly unintelligent ladling on of buzzwords as the norm. As in, "....oh and make it viral" or "We'd like two cult brands, heavy on the lifetime customer value," like they're ordering from the drive through at a fast food joint.

    Come to think of it, that's the religion marketers proselytize these days. From McJobs to McKnockoffs of Apple.

    On the web, last year it was the 99McJob site and this year the five millionth McFiverr site was sold to some poor sap. Frankly, I am impressed a fiverr is five bucks and not a nickle.

    It's more like herd mentality than formal religion. More mindless impulse buy than the solid conviction of the converted.
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  • Profile picture of the author Oxbloom
    I've always thought of it more along the lines of sports analogy.

    "Converting on third downs." "Converting your free throws." Etc.

    About success vs. failure. Simple statistical reality. It's probably best as a copywriter to think of it in your pseudo-religious terms. For the business at large, the sports thing is probably more apt.

    Just another angle to consider. Not really an attempt at etymology.
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    • Profile picture of the author marciayudkin
      "Converting on third downs." "Converting your free throws." Etc.
      Would you mind please explaining these references for someone who is not a football fan? I can't follow those expressions.

      Thanks,

      Marcia Yudkin
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  • Profile picture of the author RickDuris
    Hi Marcia, in sales training, it's been around a very long time, longer than I have been in business...

    1. A contact converts to a lead (someone who may SOMEDAY need your products or services.)

    2. A lead converts to a suspect (someone you SUSPECT needs your product or services now.)

    3. A suspect converts to a qualified prospect (someone you KNOW needs your products or services--the question is whether you'll make the sale.)

    4. A qualified prospect converts to a customer or client.


    Offline, it's the classic sales funnel. Online, the dynamic changes a bit, but the principle is the same.

    - Rick Duris


    PS: A lot of marketers deliberately tend to create ambiguity around this aspect of marketing. But--focusing on conversions is extremely relevant.

    For instance, let's say we're talking about email marketing.

    A marketer will say something like "My email got a 25% response." The implication being 25% of the people on the email list bought.

    BS. WTF does that mean? In that context, "response" doesn't mean ANYTHING.

    Here's what does:

    1. Of 1000 people I sent emails to, 100 people opened my email. (i.e. 10% conversion/response.)

    2. Of the 100 people that opened the email. 20 people clicked through to the squeeze page. (i.e. 20% conversion/response.)

    3. Of the 20 people who clicked through, 2 people opted in on my squeeze page. (i.e. 10% conversion/response.)

    4. Of the 2 people who opted in, 1 person bought. (50% conversion/response.)

    So, when you send out a 1000 emails and 1 person buys, is that good? It's relative to the conversion point.

    PPS: The only thing I hate about my example above is that we can't measure deliverability to the inbox. But it would be hugely relevant to say of 1000 people I sent my email to, 500 people received the email in their inbox.
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  • Profile picture of the author Sweetcheeks12354
    Yeah I have to say it's closer to converting like in the relgious sense.
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  • Profile picture of the author benintheworld
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    • Profile picture of the author Paul Hooper-Kelly
      Hi Guys and gals,

      When I started face-to-face selling, way back in 1963, it was a term my sales manager used.

      Probably guys in togas, selling chariots in Ancient Rome, used the Latin equivalent, because most selling techniques are almost that old.

      That's because human nature doesn't change.

      Warmest regards,

      Paul
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  • Profile picture of the author sethczerepak
    Ummm...it means money in my bank account...that's all that matters right?
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