I think the more you update the content on your blog/site the better. 1-2 times a week is great, but if you can do more, that is great as well. I tend to publish several articles a day, but then again, my back round is in writing. Just make sure you are providing your users with high quality content that they can actually use and that is relevant to your site's purpose.

Thats more then fine. Fresh content is highly overrated but its always good to produce more content and attract more long tail keywords.

If you can update with 1 article every day , that is more than good enough.
So that your site will be crawled more quicker and can get more traffic from the google and your links will be indexed faster.

You may update daily, weekly or monthly. If your site contains dynamic topics like sports update, politics, news then you should update your site regularly.

If you want more regular visitor then you have to keep your blog updated.So its better if you make new post daily.

This is a horrible time for micro sites. Building quality backlinks is very important also.

To be honest I'm not sure Backlinks work anymore haha. Content is the way forward, always has been and Google have just emphasized that even more this time around. Your site must be worth searching for and provide what people want. if it does not then cheerio chappy.

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There is no sharp rule about it and this also depends upon many factors like the popularity and niche of your site and also how fast you want to popularize your site. Adding 1 quality article a day is enough and as you are doing 1-2 a week it is also good and can be considered as regular updates.

That is NOT the only answer.

You can't have an authority site in a small niche repeating same thing over and over till exhaustion (assuming you're working a small niche). What you need to focus (at least if you're doing it for the long term) is providing good/unique/relevant content for your visitors.

Yes according to the google content is king and if its unique then its even better, Fresh contents are very good for the google

i think fresh content is not just what google love, your visitor will like it too! If you have a blog, you definitely need to have fresh content to continue "feeding" your reader.